Xinhuanet reported on October 3rd, a full set of Chinese standard and equipment to be used by Chinese companies build Africa's first modern electrified railway, Ethiopia's capital Addis ababa to djibouti capital djibouti railway (achish railway) to 5 was formally opened. The 752.7 km/h railway, with a design speed of 120 km/h and a total of 45 stations, has a total investment of about us $4 billion, which is constructed by China railway and China railway construction organization.
The train was taken at the Ethiopian capital Addis ababa on October 1.
On October 5, 2016, the Ethiopian capital Addis ababa to djibouti railway will be formally opened to traffic, and a large-scale technical training is being carried out on the east African plateau. In Ethiopia alone, more than 2,000 local staff are being trained in railway operations, including flight attendants, train drivers and technicians. Achish railway is the first time for Chinese enterprises in overseas using a full set of Chinese standard and equipment to build the first modern electrified railway in China, total length of 751.7 kilometers, the design speed of 120 km, with a total investment of about $4 billion.
An Ethiopian train driver sits on the locomotive of an electric locomotive in Addis ababa, Ethiopia, Oct. 1, 2008.
Chairman in March 2013, xi jinping, became the first time to come visit to Africa, "real kiss" is put forward for the policy ideas, and introduce China's perfect infrastructure boost the successful experience of economic and social development. In May 2014, China promised to help Africa build railways and realize the dream of connecting African capitals with high-speed rail.
The yagi railway is the first Chinese standard transnational electrified railway in Africa. After a field trip by western experts, it was difficult to build a modern electrified railway from djibouti at zero altitude to the Ethiopian plateau at an average altitude of more than 2,500 meters. But China company engineers "measurement" step by step out of the geological and hydrological data along the railway design and to overcome technical difficulties one by one, from the railway track-laying formally, in May 2014 to June 2015, 750 - kilometer - long tracks across PuTong, available only 13 months, again create the miracle of railway construction.
A local man takes pictures of a train on the road to the aiji railway in Addis ababa, Ethiopia, Oct. 1, 2008.
China standard for grounding gas.
Ethiopia is located in the inland highlands of northeast Africa. For a long time, the shortage of the short board of the transportation channel has restricted the development of the national economy. The yagi railway is the result of Ethiopia's determination to find its way to the sea.
Starting in September 2010, China railway began to design and build the electrification railway linking Addis ababa to djibouti in the west bank of the gulf of Aden in northeast Africa.
Ethiopian flight attendants learn to use a fire extinguisher at a bus station in Addis ababa, Ethiopia, Oct. 1, 2008.
At first, according to the requirements of the Ethiopian government, China railway was based on the standards of the beijing-shanghai railway. Later found to local geological conditions and the level of economic development, the design of the 160 km per hour is not economic sense, if the downhill to 120 km can save construction cost greatly, will maximize operating benefit.
Ethiopia's government is pleased with the cost reduction, but has doubts about lowering standards. A Russian consulting firm was hired to assess the Chinese proposal. As a result, Russia fully recognizes the Chinese plan and believes that Chinese companies are fully capable of building the railway. The reluctant Ethiopian government eventually signed the agreement.
Ethiopian attendants learn to welcome etiquette in the Ethiopian capital, Addis ababa, on October 1.
China also fully considers the local people's livelihood in the design. Railway through the east African rift valley plateau, for example, will encounter many low-lying land, the rainy season will produce large amounts of water, according to Chinese standard, in order to ensure the safety of railway operation, need to design corresponding to the water off, but considering the water source is the residents' life and agricultural water, therefore through the special design for the running safety and protection of water two kinds of demand, also saved a large number of engineering cost.
"This railway is based on the Chinese railway technology standards, combining the local conditions of Ethiopia and djibouti, and the railway design and construction of the most economical engineering projects. From planning to build, it took just a short span of six years, even in China, this is also very fast, "in the Chinese railway survey and design project manager de-li zeng TieErYuan achish said to the xinhua news agency.
On October 1, the staff carried out a vehicle operation test at the center of the operation in Addis ababa, Ethiopia.
The unflinching Chinese spirit.
For Chinese companies, it is not difficult to build a railway that is 120 kilometers per hour. It is difficult to overcome the shortage of local manpower and materials and the completion of quality and quantity.
Due to the local building materials do not conform to the requirements, a lot of building materials imported from China or a third country, in iron 2 bureaus on the one hand, careful planning, avoid the material dispatching and delay the construction period, on the other hand actively raise raw materials locally, and their production, to ensure the supply of high quality building materials.
Material problem solved, Ethiopia railway talent shortage is a big problem. 'it will take 20, 000 people to build a section of the construction of the yagi railway, and it's impossible for all Chinese workers to shoulder the burden,' Mr. Fu, the manager of the railway project, told reporters. Training Ethiopian railway workers has thus become a "compulsory course" for Chinese companies. In recent years, 15,000 people have been trained, which not only meets the needs of railway construction, but also reserves talents for future local railway operation.
Achish railroad crossing the awash national park, to protect the local ecological environment, Chinese companies carefully survey, in as little as possible in the design of changing topography along the railway, and through the establishment of animal "overpass" and so on the way, let along the wild animals can move freely.
Chinese engineers, with their ingenuity and sweat, overcame one problem after another, and completed the construction of the yaki railway with good quality and quality, and won praise from the local government and people.
Workers check out printed test tickets at the center of the operation in Addis ababa, Ethiopia, Oct. 1, 2008.
High value-added Chinese engineering.
More than 90 per cent of Ethiopia's imports and exports have been passed through djibouti, and roads linking the two countries are already overloaded and capacity is severely inadequate. Achish railway is completed, Addis ababa to djibouti, shipping time will be 7 days from the current road transportation reduced to 10 hours, efficient to solve the problem of insufficient transportation aorta ability.
Railway to increase capacity, in addition, in order to achish impetus to the development of Ethiopia's national economy at the same time, China TieErYuan also combined with Ethiopia government long-term planning, industrial layout along the railway and the prospective Suggestions were put forward, in major cities to establish industrial park, for example, to consider for a long time, improve the efficiency of the achish railway capacity.
Now, Ethiopia's government has put in iron 2 bureaus are responsible for the construction of Addis ababa to m esso segment into national key project of "the new five year plan", the future will also be in the center of the capital and other cities set up industrial park, relying on the railway transport capacity of ascension, originally the industrial model of relying on exports of raw materials into deep processing, so as to enhance the level of industrialization.
The Asian railway, which has the "pure gene" of China's railway, is becoming a model for China and Africa to take the opportunity of infrastructure construction, deepen production capacity cooperation and promote local economic development.
据新华网10月3日报道，由中国企业采用全套中国标准和中国装备建造的非洲第一条现代电气化铁路——埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴至吉布提首都吉布提铁路（亚吉铁路）将于5日正式通车。亚吉铁路全长752.7公里，设计时速120公里，共分布45个车站，总投资约40亿美元，由中国中铁和中国铁建组织施工。
这是10月1日在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴拉布车站拍摄的一列火车。
2016年10月5日，埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴至吉布提铁路(亚吉铁路)将正式通车，一场大规模的技术培训正在东非高原上展开。仅在埃塞俄比亚，就有2000多名当地员工正在接受铁路运营培训，包括乘务员、火车司机、技术人员等。亚吉铁路是中国企业在海外首次采用全套中国标准和中国装备建造的第一条现代电气化铁路，全长751.7公里，设计时速120公里，总投资约40亿美元。
10月1日，在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴，一名埃塞俄比亚火车司机登上电力机车车头。
2013年3月，习近平主席就任后首次出访就来到非洲，提出“真实亲诚”的对非政策理念，并介绍中国完善基础设施助推经济社会发展的成功经验。2014年5月，中国承诺愿帮助非洲修建铁路，实现用高铁连接非洲各国首都的美好梦想。
亚吉铁路是非洲第一条中国标准跨国电气化铁路。当初，西方专家实地考察后认为，从零海拔的吉布提到平均海拔超过2500米的埃塞高原，建设一条现代电气化铁路比登天还难。但中国公司工程人员一步步“丈量”出铁路设计沿线地质水文资料，攻克一个个技术难关，从2014年5月铁路正式铺轨，到2015年6月750公里长铁轨全线铺通，用时仅13个月，再次创造了铁路建设的奇迹。
10月1日，在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴，一名当地人在拉布车站拍摄即将通车的亚吉铁路上的火车。
接地气的中国标准
埃塞地处非洲东北部内陆高原地带。长期以来，缺少出海口运输通道的短板始终制约着国家经济的发展。亚吉铁路，正是源自埃塞俄比亚寻求出海通道的决心。
从2010年9月开始，中国中铁开始为埃塞设计建造这条连接亚的斯亚贝巴至非洲东北部亚丁湾西岸国家吉布提的电气化铁路。
10月1日，在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴拉布车站，埃塞俄比亚乘务员学习使用车上的灭火器。
起初，按照埃塞政府的要求，中国中铁参照京沪铁路标准实地勘测。后来发现，以当地地质条件和经济发展水平，160公里的设计时速经济上并不划算，如果把时速降为120公里则会大大节省建设成本，运营效益也会最大化。
埃塞政府对成本下降非常满意，却对降低标准心存疑虑。于是专门聘请一家俄罗斯咨询公司对中方提出的方案进行评估。结果是，俄方完全认可中方方案，并认为中国公司完全有能力建设好这条铁路。打消顾虑的埃塞政府最终在协议上签字。
10月1日，在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴拉布车站，埃塞俄比亚乘务员学习欢迎礼仪。
中方在设计上还充分考虑了当地民生。例如，铁路通过东非大裂谷的高原台地，会遇到许多低洼地，雨季会产生大量积水，按照中国标准，为保证铁路运行安全，需要设计相应工程把积水排掉，但是考虑到这些水源是当地居民的生活和农业用水，因此通过特殊设计兼顾了运行安全和保护水源两种需求，也节约了大量工程成本。
“这条铁路是在中国铁路技术标准基础上，结合埃塞俄比亚和吉布提当地国情，以最经济的工程方案进行铁路设计和施工建设而成。从规划到建成，仅用了短短６年时间，这即使在中国国内，速度也是很快的，”中国中铁二院亚吉铁路勘察设计项目经理曾德礼对新华社记者说。
10月1日，在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴拉布车站调度中心，工作人员进行车辆运行测试。
不畏难的中国精神
对中国公司来说，建造一条时速120公里的铁路并不难，难在克服当地人力和材料短缺，保质保量的完工。
由于当地的建筑材料不符合要求，大量建筑材料需要从中国或第三国进口，中铁二局一方面精心筹划，避免因调运材料而延误工期，另一方面积极在当地筹集原材料，自己加工生产，确保高质量建筑材料的供应。
材料问题解决了，埃塞铁路人才匮乏又是一大难题。中铁亚吉铁路项目部经理付洵对记者说，建设亚吉铁路某段施工高峰期需要两万人，不可能全部由中国工人承担。于是，培训埃塞本地铁路工人成了中国公司的“必修课”。几年来共培训了1.5万人，不仅满足了铁路建设需要，也为未来当地铁路运营储备了人才。
亚吉铁路穿越阿瓦什国家公园，为维护当地生态环境，中国公司精心勘测，在设计中尽可能少地改变铁路沿线地形地貌，并通过建立动物“立交桥”等方式，让沿线野生动物可以自由迁徙。
中国工程人员用自己的聪明才智和汗水，克服了一个又一个难题，保质保量地完成了亚吉铁路建设，赢得了当地政府和民众的赞誉。
10月1日，在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴拉布车站调度中心，工作人员在查看打印出的测试车票。
高附加值的中国工程
埃塞俄比亚90％以上的进出口物资经由吉布提，目前连接两地的公路早已不堪重负，运力严重不足。亚吉铁路建成后，亚的斯亚贝巴至吉布提的运输时间将从目前公路运输的7天减少为10个小时，高效解决交通运输主动脉能力不足的问题。
此外，为了让亚吉铁路增加运力，同时带动埃塞全国经济的发展，中国中铁二院还结合埃塞政府中长期规划，对铁路沿线的工业布局提出了前瞻性建议，例如在重点城市建立工业园区，从中长期考虑，提高亚吉铁路的运力效益。
目前，埃塞政府已经把中铁二局负责施工的亚的斯亚贝巴至米埃索段纳入国家“新五年计划”重点项目，未来还将在首都等中心城市建立工业园区，依托提升的铁路运力，把原本依靠原材料出口的工业模式转化为深加工，从而提升工业化水平。
具有中国铁路“纯正基因”的亚吉铁路，正在成为中非以基础设施建设为契机，深化产能合作，推动当地经济发展的典范。
中非合作论坛约翰内斯堡峰会以来，中非产能合作不断深化，合作领域不断拓展，越来越多类似亚吉铁路的中国精品项目，正在广袤的非洲大地落地生根、开花结果，为改变非洲面貌，提升现代化水平发挥着重要作用。
